The Role of Green Economy in Diversifying Livelihoods in Central Kalimantan's Peatland Communities

Abstract

This study aims to analyze the role of the green economy in encouraging livelihood diversification in peatland communities in Central Kalimantan. The focus of the research is directed at understanding how the green economy concept can be an alternative strategy in increasing community income while maintaining the sustainability of peatland ecosystems. The study uses a literature review approach by examining national and international journals, academic books, and official reports from governments and international institutions such as UNEP, IISD, FAO, and Bappenas. The literature reviewed is limited to the period 2015–2025 by searching through Google Scholar, Scopus, and ScienceDirect databases. The analysis was conducted using content analysis methods to identify themes, patterns, and relationships between the green economy, income diversification, and peatland management. Studies show that implementing a green economy has the potential to create sustainable jobs, particularly through agroforestry, ecotourism, and the use of non-timber forest products such as honey and rattan. Green economy-based diversification has been shown to increase community incomes by up to 30% in several case studies, while strengthening local economic resilience to the risks of climate change, peat fires, and commodity price fluctuations. Green economy has proven relevant as a local solution for Central Kalimantan by integrating ecological, social, and economic aspects. This research is literature-based and therefore does not present empirical field data. Nevertheless, these findings contribute to enriching the literature on development economics and environmental policy and provide practical insights for policymakers, academics, and civil society.